Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially deadly disease that can affect dogs, cats and ferrets, as well as wild canine species. In the US, cases of heartworm disease have been reported in all 50 states, as well as in other parts of the world.
Heartworm disease is caused by parasitic worms called heartworms. The reason that they’re called heartworms is that they live in the heart, more specifically the pulmonary artery of the heart. These worms can also infiltrate other parts of the heart and lungs, and if untreated, can cause severe lung disease, blockages of the valves of the heart, as well as damage to other vital organs in the body.
What is Heartworm Disease?
Heartworms are transmitted by mosquitos, which act as vectors and play an important part in the transmission of heartworms to your dog. Adult female heartworms create infant worms called microfilaria that circulate in the bloodstream of the body.
Heartworms can live a long time in your pet, and it’s important to note that with each new mosquito season, more heartworm larvae can be transmitted to your dog. When veterinarians diagnose heartworm disease, a blood test is run, and this test can detect heartworm antibodies in the blood. A blood smear can also show microfilaria moving in the blood sample on a slide.
What are the Symptoms of Heartworm Disease in Dogs?
In the early stages of the disease, dogs may not show any symptoms at all, but the longer the dog goes without diagnosis or treatment, the more likely symptoms will develop. Young dogs, or dogs that are normally active, or those with health issues may show more obvious signs that other dogs.
- Lethargy, Inactivity, More Frequent Coughing
- Weight Loss, No Appetite
- Panting, Shallow Breathing
- Distended Abdomen and/or Chest